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Table of Contents: Introduction All buried pipes experience loading from the weight of soil overburden. When pipelines cross railroads, roads, parking lots or construction sites, the pipes also experience live surface loading from vehicles on the ground, including heavy construction equipment in some scenarios. The surface loading results in through-wall bending in pipes, which generates

Table of Contents: What Is Selective Seam Weld Corrosion Selective seam weld corrosion (SSWC) is a type of corrosion that affects the bondline region and heat affected zone (HAZ) of the longitudinal seam of a pipeline forming grooves in the seam. The term “selective” refers to the preferential attack of the weld zone rather than

Table of Contents: Introduction Pressure testing of hazardous liquid and natural gas pipelines is conducted for a variety of reasons, some mandated in U.S. pipeline regulations or industry standards, and others elective. Pressure testing is one requirement for the establishment of maximum operating pressure (MOP) or maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP). A pressure test can

Table of Contents: Intorduction Pipelines are sometimes subjected to various geo-hazards such as long wall mining subsidence and slope movement. A commonly practiced method to reduce stress in such situations is to expose the affected portion of a pipeline. Monitoring of stress in an affected pipeline is a necessary component of a proper remedial plan.